静思晨语 - 2011年5月23日 - 53 - 七菩提分

The Seven Factors of Bodhi

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五根:
信根、进根
念根、定根、慧根

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五根坚固后
所产生之力量
称为五力

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五力:
信力、精进力
念力、定力、慧力

我们前面说过：「五根、五力。」包括了「信、精进、念、定、慧」，这些是不断修行方法的次序，我们一一都了解了。了解之后，我们是否有用在日常生活中没有？

We've discussed the 5 Spiritual Roots & 5 Powers and the method & order in which to practice them. They're Faith, Diligence, Thought, Samadhi, Wisdom. We have learned about each one, but have we practiced them in our daily living?

除了五根、五力，接下来就是七菩提分，也称为七觉支。

After the 5 Spiritual Roots and 5 Powers. Come the Seven Factors of Bodhi, also called the Seven Branches of Enlightenment.

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以菩提智慧力
选择正确的依止之所
辨一切法之真伪
称为「择法菩提分」
又名「择法觉支」

With the Power of Enlightened Wisdom, choose the proper refuge Discerning between true and false principles is called the Factor of Discernment, or the Branch of Discernment

「七菩提分」中，第一就是「择法觉菩提分」，也能叫做「择法觉支」，就是有智慧来选择法。

The first factor is the Factor of Discernment, also called the Branch of Discernment It means to wisely choose our practices.

世间有很多人所认定的道理，倒底我们要选择什么样的道理才是我们真正要走的路？所以选择什么样的道理就很重要，就如我们要修行，就要选择依止的常住，我们要选择依止的师父。常住选对了，师父选对了，和我们这辈子要修行的方向契合，这也叫做择、选择。我们选择了道场、选择了法门之后，就要一路精进了。

There are many accepted principles in the world. How do we choose the one that will be the guiding principle of our path? Choosing the right one is very important. For instance, when we choose to practice, We must choose the monastery and that we will rely on. When we choose the right monastery and the right Dharma Master, our choice aligns with the direction of our practice in this lifetime. This is an act of discernment. Once we have chosen the monastery and the path of cultivati​​on, we must walk on the path diligently.

就如同我今天说要修行，我既然已经选择了要修行，那我修行的方向在哪里呢？我选择的方向，就是「尽此一报身」，我选择的方向，就是「为佛教、为众生」，师父这样告诉我，我认为这就是我这一生身心奉行的一条路。我选择的就是这一条路，是师父跟我说的，我知道这就是我所要走的路，这也叫做选择。

For myself, as a spiritual cultivator, once I resolved to practice, I had to find the direction in which to focus my efforts. This direction was to dedicate my entire life to work "For Buddhism, for all sentient beings." My master, Ven. Yin Shun, said those words to me. This is the path which I've chosen to practice wholeheartedly for my entire life.

所以第一就是要先选择，我们要用智慧来选择我们人生的方向，甚至法要用智慧来判断是真或是伪，是真理或是凡夫无明迷信的道理？其实迷信是没有道理的，只能称为「伪」；真就是正确的信仰。所以真和伪，我们能好好去分别去选择。

When my master spoke those words, I knew that it was my path this is called discernment. So first, we must have discernment. Let us choose our path in life with wisdom. Let us also use wisdom to discern true principles from false ones is this the truth, or a misguided belief that arose out of ignorance? Indeed, there is no truth behind superstitions They are false beliefs. Truths are correct principles and beliefs. Therefore, we must carefully discern and choose between true and false.

所以学佛第一步，也就是最重要的，就是要选择我们修行的人生方向，我们要选择真而去除伪，所以大家要很谨慎用心。

This is the first step in learning Buddha's way It is very important. When we choose the path of our practice, we must choose the true, and eliminate the false. To do this, we must be very cautious and mindful.

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以勇猛心
精进于菩萨道
力修正法无有间杂
称为「精进菩提分」
又名「精进觉支」

With a heart of courage and valor, diligently walk the Bodhisattva-path Practice True Dharma wholeheartedly. This is called the Factor of Diligence, or the Branch of Diligence.

第二就是「精进菩提分」，也可以称为「精进觉支」。精进就是勇猛。我们既然选择了这条正确的道路，我们必定要步步精进。我们不要说：「我就是经选择了这条路。」然后就站在哪里；你的方向既然对了，我们就要以勇猛的心力开步向前行去，要有勇猛心。

Second is the Factor of Diligence, also called the Branch of Diligence. To be diligent is to bravely go forth Since we have already chosen to follow this correct path, we must advance step by step Do not merely say, "This is the path that I have chosen", and then just stand there. Since our direction is right, Let us bravely march forward.

我们之前说过：「度彼岸、彼岸度。」在凡夫地这个地方，我们既然能体会这个地方是凡夫地，有着层层的陷阱，开口动舌无不都是在造业。我们现在已经知道了，所以我们要修行。

I have spoken about crossing over to the other shore from the state of ordinary people. We are aware that the state of ordinary beings is full of traps, and every word we speak creates karma. We know this now, so we engage in spiritual practice .

我们从「六波罗密」、「四无量心」，一直到「五根、五力」，这些方法无不都是在警惕我们，不断地指引我们，不断地在开拓一条康庄大道，所以我们应该真的要提起勇猛心！从凡夫地要经过这一条烦恼河，一定要提起勇猛心！否则烦恼河可是千尺浪，你想要度过这个烦恼河是不容易的。所以才叫做修行。

The Six Paramitas, Four, Immeasurables, 5 spiritual Roots and the 5 Powers are methods that serve as warnings and guidance. They provide us with a broad and spacious path. So, we must bring forth our courage and valor to depart the state of ordinary people and cross over the river of afflictions. Otherwise, the river of afflictions with its giant waves may be difficult to cross. This is what, spiritual practice is about.

在修行的路上，必定要精进，一定要有这种勇猛的心力，要加强这种勇猛的心境，才能行在正道法中。所以我们还是要用功。

As we walk this path, we must be diligent, and carry a bold and brave heart. Only by strengthening our courage will we be able to walk the correct path Bodhisattva-path.

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契悟真法而生欢喜
法住于心而不退转
称为「喜菩提分」
又名「喜觉支」

Realize True Dharma and joy will arise Resolutely let the Dharma abide in the heart. This is called the Factor of Joy, or the Branch of Joy.

接下来，第三就是「喜菩提分」。 「喜」，就是「欢喜」，我们要能常常「得善欢喜」。看有很多人在工作，对他们说声：「辛苦了。」「不会，我们很欢喜。」做对的事情，就觉得「我这样的举动，就是在帮助别人。」这种内心所得的欢喜。

Third is the Factor of Joy. Joy is happiness, being constantly happy in benefiting others. People often say to Tzu Chi volunteers, "You must be tired." They always reply, "No, we are joyful." When we do the right thing, knowing that our actions are benefiting others, a sense of joy will arise in our hearts.

我们也常常听到在做骨髓捐赠的人，想要把骨髓捐赠给别人，他要先进开刀房，全身麻醉，要从他的肠骨中把他的骨髓抽出来，要用很粗的针刺进去抽出来，不只是一次，有的要刺很多针。

We often hear stories of bone marrow donors. To donate bone marrow, first undergo general anesthesia. Then the marrow is extracted from the pelvic bone. This requires a very thick needle to puncture the bone several times and draw out the marrow.

两天后，他一定会进来精舍，若对他说：「感恩，你愿意将体内的骨髓捐给另外一个造血不良的人，将你的造血的种子提供给他，让他有能力自行造血，你可以救一个人。真的是感恩你。」

Two days later, the donors would come to the Jinh Si Abode. I would tell them, "Thank you for being, willing to donate your bone marrow to a patient, who is unable to produce healthy blood. Your bone marrow will reinitiate the patient's blood production. You have saved a person's life. For that, I am truly grateful."

他一定是这样的回答：「救人的感觉是很好的，很欢喜，我很感恩有慈济让我有机会，在资料库中能配到有缘的人。我今天能从身上，拿出身体的一部份，对他有用、能够救他。虽然我不认识他是什么人，但我要虔诚为他祝福，身体能康复。」

Their replies are always something like, "It feels good to save a life. I am very happy. I want to thank Tzu Chi for giving me the opportunity to enlist in the donor registry and for matching me with someone. I was able to give a bit of myself to help and save another person. Though I do not know who this person is, I sincerely wish this person all the best in his or her recovery."

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闻法内自欢喜
名法喜食
修行内起禅悦
名禅悦食

When joy arises from hearing Dharma, that is nourishment from Dharma-joy. When meditative bliss arises from practice, that is nourishment from meditative bliss.

看，像这种的心声，完全是清净的爱，没有杂染的。那种发自内心的甘愿，付出之后感受到的欢喜，我想我们都能体会得到。

Such heartfelt thoughts come from love that is pure and undefiled. Their joy comes from their own willingness to give. I think we can relate to this.

所以欢喜是付出之后的欢喜，或是接触到善知识的欢喜，或是得到真理的欢喜…所以我们经常说：「法喜禅悦食。」这就是我们慧命的资粮。

Therefore, joy comes from giving, from meeting spiritual friends or from perceiving the Truth. So we often talk about "nourishment from Dharma-joy and meditative bliss." This nourishment fuels our Wisdom-life.

善知识给我们的，能增长我们的慧命。我们听到的善知识，能增长我们的慧命，付出的感受，那种慧命的法髓，真的是灌入我们的身心，所以我们要很欢喜。所以喜菩提分，就是当我们的心得到善法而生欢喜心。

What our spiritual friends teach us can strengthen our Wisdom-life. The Truth we hear can nurture our Wisdom-life. The opportunity to practice and the feelings from giving are the Dharma-essence of Wisdom-life that fills our bodies and minds. Thus , we must be very happy The Factor of Joy arises when we realize ways of goodness. When we attain good Dharma, we become happy.

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断除身心粗重烦恼
而得自在安乐
称为「轻安菩提分」
又名「轻安觉支」

Eliminate heavy afflictions of body and mind to attain freedom, peace, and happiness. This is called the Factor of Peace, or the Branch of Peace.

再来就是「轻安菩提分」，也就是要轻安、自在。人生本来就是苦不堪言，在凡夫地哪一个人没有烦恼？尤其是有的人苦难层层叠叠，所以叫做粗重烦恼，就是很沉重的烦恼。有的人家境贫困，再加上自己也生病了，你们想这样的人生是否是很粗重的烦恼呢？不过，若能消除这个粗重的烦恼，就要清除内心。

Next is the Factor of Peace We need to feel peaceful and at ease Life is full of unspeakable suffering. In the state of ordinary people, who is free of afflictions? Some people face many hardships These are called heavy afflictions. They may not only come from a poor family, someone in their family is ill, and they themselves are ill too. Just think, isn't such a life filled with heavy afflictions? To eliminate these heavy afflictions, we must purify our hearts.

看到大爱台的一则新闻，在台北分会有一位志工很特别，这位志工她本身是大肠癌开过刀，现在身上都要挂着一个袋子，这个袋子是装尿便的袋子。但是虽然身体如此不好，走路还是驼着背。更让她担心的是家中有个已经中风的老先生，这位老菩萨要每天去照顾这位老先生。

I saw a news report on Da Ai TV. At our Taipei Tzu Chi office, there is a very special volunteer. This volunteer had surgery for colon cancer so now she has to carry a drainage bag to collect her urine and feces. Besides being in poor health, she also walks with a hunched back. Moreover, she has to worry about her elderly husband who suffered a stroke. Every day, she has to look after him.

家中还有一个儿子轻微智障，也已经离家不知去向。而大女儿已经出嫁了，还有一位女儿在念中学，这个女儿想要读中学还要贷款才能读书。

They also have a son with a slight mental disability, who ran away so his whereabouts are unknown. Their eldest daughter is already married. The younger daughter is in secondary school so they took out a loan to pay for her tuition.

你们想，家里面三个人，一个已经卧床，生活一定要由她来服侍，女儿还在念书，是贷款念书。她自己本身是癌症，大小便还要携带一个袋子，但是她是我们的志工。

Just imagine this family of three. Her husband is bedridden and always needs her assistance. Her daughter's tuition is paid by a loan. She suffers from cancer and needs to wear a drainage bag for her bodily waste. Despite all this, she still serves as a volunteer.

她说：「以前的人生都是苦不堪言！」烦恼实在是十分粗重，整天都在怨叹，这样的人生、这样的环境、这样的生活。很怨叹，她们的生活来源只能靠着政府的残障补助。先生一个月好像是领五千元的帮助，她自​​己本身虽然已经开过刀，但是政府的补助只有一千多元。

She says that she used to be very miserable and weighed down by afflictions. Every day, she complained about the world, her living conditions, and her life. She was full of resentment. Their only source of income is a disability pension from the government . Each month her husband receives around NT$5,000. After her surgery, she began collecting less than NT$2,000 a month.

夫妻俩就是这样生活，但是她还是坚持每个月要捐出三百元。我们的委员一直对她说：「不要捐那么多，妳的生活已经很困难了。」她说：「我们家现在有三个人，我一定要做。为我的孩子造福。我这一辈子已经过得很苦了，就是因为过去生我没有造福，所以我这辈子绝对要为孩子造福。辛苦一点我也甘愿。」

This is all they have to live on. Yet she insists on donating NT$300 each month. Our Tzu Chi Commissioners keep telling her, "Do not donate so much! Your life is already quite difficult." She replied, "I must do this on behalf of the three people in my family. I must create blessings for my child. I have suffered so much because I did not create blessings in my past lives. So in this lifetime, I must create blessings for my child, even if it means enduring more hardship."

所以后来听到我们的委员说：「我们的台北分会妳可以去走一走。」结果一来，她觉得：「这边有很多我可以做的事情。」能够做什么呢？ 「我能来这里做福田志工，你们有福田志工，大家都做得很欢喜，我也要来参加。」一个星期我可以来一天，坚持要来。她说：「来这边做我很欢喜，我这样的身体，让我有机会在这里提供一块干净的修行道场，让这么多的菩萨来这里修行。」她觉得非常欢喜、轻安、自在。

Later on, A Commissioner suggested, "You can go visit our branch office in Taipei." After she went, she felt, "There are things I can do there. I can be a cleaning volunteer who cultivates the field of blessings. All the cleaning volunteers look so happy as they work. I want to join them. I can come once a week." She insisted on it and has been doing this for half a year She says, "I am very happy. Despite my poor health, I still have the chance to serve by providing a clean place for so many Bodhisattvas to come here to practice." She feels very happy, peaceful, and at ease.

佛陀说：「要扫心地。」师父跟她说：「要做环保。」所以她以为这样做就对了。

The Buddha said, "Sweep the ground of the mind." I encourage people to be recycling volunteers. So she feels that she is doing the right thing.

甚至她还有一句话，我也是很感动。她说：「认命啊！我认命我不怨天。」这句话让我很震撼。甚至这么辛苦的身体，她还是坚持来做福田志工，甚至她还做得很欢喜。她说：「这样我的烦恼都能够舍掉，我能提供这么多人，有一块干净修行的道场。」所以她很欢喜。

She sad something that moved me deeply. She said, "I have accepted my fate. I have no complaints." Her words touched me deeply. Though her health is so poor, she still chooses to be a cleaning volunteer and even finds happiness in her work. She said, "By doing this, I can get rid of my afflictions. I can provide a clean place for many people to practice." This is why she is so happy.

看她的人生，真的是粗重的烦恼，实在是很粗重的烦恼，但是她能扫除粗重的烦恼，这就是我们要学的地方－－我们遇到怎么样的环境，我们要怎样才能心安。能够身轻心安，这叫做「轻安」。

Her life is truly weighed down with heavy afflictions. But she can sweep them away. This is what we need to learn. When we are faced with adversity, we must try to be at peace in our hearts and at ease with our bodies. This is called peace and ease.

虽然身体有很多的病苦，但是她做得很勤快，这就做「身轻」。至于「心安」，你们有没有听到她说的：「我认命不怨天。我能在这个道场提供一个干净的地方让人修行，我很欢喜。」看这种人生，这是不是轻安呢？轻安就是扫除烦恼；所以有了这些烦恼，要靠我们自己的心来扫除。

Although her illness causes great pain, she works very industriously. This is called ease of body. This is called peace of mind. Haven't you heard her say, "I have accepted my fate. I have no complaints. Being able to provide a clean place of practice for others makes me very happy." Isn't such a life filled with peace and ease? This is a result of clearing away her afflictions. So when we suffer from afflictions, we must use our minds to sweep them away.

各位，修行不是我们有空才来修行，不是我身体健康才来礼佛，不是我身体健康我才来帮助别人，不是这样。看，真正的修行，她能克服万难，她能够调适她的心。像这样的人生，这么粗重的烦恼落在她一个人的身上，她也能够扫除如此粗重的烦恼，得到轻安自在，我想，这是真功夫。

Fellow practitioners, spiritual practice is not something we do in our spare time. It is not only when we are healthy that we pay respect to Buddha or help others. This is not the way. True practice is how this woman overcame all obstacles and adjusted her mindset. She alone bears so many heavy afflictions. Yet she was able to sweep them away and eliminate them to find peace and freedom. I think this is true mastery of practice.

各位，学佛就是要学得这份真功夫，无论外面的境是怎么样，也要能够用心去转外面的境，所以我们要时时多用心啊！

Fellow practitioners, we learn Buddhism to obtain this true mastery. We can use our minds to transform conditions, regardless of what they are. So everyone, please always be mindful.

出处：http://moya.iyard.org/bin/view/Blog/BlogEntry2295