静思晨语 - 2011年5月18日 - 50 - 把心安住

Settle the Mind

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诸位同修，我们大家不知道有没有每天向内自省？每天我们都是忙忙碌碌面对外面的境界，心随着境转，很容易迷失了自己的本性，也容易迷失自己的本意。凡夫迷失了本性，人人都是这念真心本性迷失，才叫做凡夫。

We are so busy every day that our minds are constantly influenced by external conditions. So we easily lose touch with our intrinsic nature and our original convictions.

所以我们每一天，虽然忙忙碌碌面对外面的境界，我们自己的内心，还是要时时提醒，向内自省这是最重要的。所以我们前面已经说过了，人人迷失要如何回归呢？

Therefore, although we busily deal with external situations every day, we must always remind ourselves to self-reflect. This is most important. As I said previously we are all lost? How can we return to our true nature?

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四无量心：
大慈无悔
大悲无怨
大喜无忧
大舍无求

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六度：
布施、持戒、忍辱
精进、禅定、智慧

除了前面说过的四心六度，现在接下来就是三十七助道法，前面也已经说过了四念处，四念处，这是我们最切身的事，

Aside from the Four Immeasurables & Six Paramitas, which we have discussed and understood, let us now focus on the 37 Practices to Enlightenment. I have already discussed the Fourfold Mindfulness, which deals with what is most personal to us.

日常生活中，哪一个时刻不会接触到呢？身，观身不净，大家如果能稍微用点心，在我们的身上，好好的思考看看，这个身体是不是很不净呢？

In our daily living, we deal with these every moment of our lives. First, contemplate the body as impure. If we can all be a little more mindful in observing and contemplating our body, we will find that our body is not very clean.

我到心莲病房感触很多，开头要进去在入口时，看到一位先生坐在旁堂前，看到我时他也很虔诚，很俐落地站起来。看起来他穿的是医院的衣服，也因为他穿的那一套衣服，所以我知道他是患者。但是看他的态度，好像很自在也很轻安。

The Heart Lotus Palliative Care Ward always evokes many feelings in me. As I was about to walk in, I saw a man sitting in the small Buddha Hall. When he saw me, he was very respectful and quickly got to his feet. Because he was wearing a hospital gown, I realized he was a patient. but his demeanor seemed very peaceful.

我问他：「怎么了？你怎么坐在这里？」他就用手比一下：「我在里头住院。」在里面住院就是心莲病房，他看起来不像是住在心莲病房里面的人，虽然人很瘦，但是在他的脸上是那么自在，带着微笑很安然。好像在那里等待着一件很神圣的事务来临那种轻安。

I asked him, “What's the matter?” “Why are you sitting here?” He pointed to the ward, “I am a patient there.” He indicated the Heart Lotus Palliative Care Ward. However, he did not look like a ( terminal) patient. Though he was very skinny, he looked at ease. He smiled was peaceful, as if he was waiting for something very holy and sacred to happen. He seemed very serene.

跟他打了招呼，我就往里面走，开始进到里面，就是很沉重的心了。看到病人在那里挣扎，医师也很用心，然而到底我们跟他说话，也不知道他有没有听到。他内心有很多话想说，但是他无法表达，医生、护士用尽心力。

After I greeted him, I entered the ward. Once I was inside, my heart grew heavy. I saw patients struggling in pain while the doctors paid close attention to them. When we talk to them, can they really hear us? Even though they must have a lot on their minds, they have no way to express it. I also saw doctors and nurses doing their best.

后来到了对面床，布帘已经合起来了，把它掀开时，一个孩子很小，坐在地上，一碗面放在地上，好像还不会用筷子，用汤匙一直在舀面，看起来很可爱。

Next I saw a bed with curtains drawn around it. When I pushed them aside, I saw a child on the floor with a bowl of noodles. He did not know how to use chopsticks yet, so he tried to scoop up the noodles with a spoon. He was very adorable.

我走近了就说：「怎么会有这么可爱的孩子呢？」在病床上看起来，是一位老先生就赶紧起床，当然很吃力，肚子已经有腹水了，还是一样很用心、很出力，爬起来坐着。我说：「你有没有比较舒服一点？」他说有。我看他肚子大大的，我就往他的肚子摸一下，硬硬的。

I walked closer and said, “What an adorable child.” The old man resting in the bed quickly propped himself up. There was fluid in his abdomen, so it was very strenuous for him. Still, he tried really hard and used all his strength to sit up. I said, “How are you? Are you feeling better?” He said, “Not bad.” I noticed that his stomach was quite distended. I reached out to feel it. It was quite hard.

我就问他：「这个孩子，是不是你的孙子？」他说：「不是啦！是我儿子。」我说：「怎么差那么多？」他就跟我说：「我是父老子幼，我年纪很大才娶妻，所以孩子很小。」

Then I asked, “Is this your grandson?” He was embarrassed as he told me, “No, he is my son.” “Why is there a huge age gap?” He explained, “I married and started a family late. ” “So my son is very young.”

看到一个女人坐在他的对面，很年轻。我心理知道，这个女人的反应不是很好，可见这个家庭，这个人要是有个万一，这个家庭不知道要如何生活？所以我心里就想：「我回来之后要赶快跟他们说，这床的患者可能将来我们要多关心。」因为这位先生已经肚子很硬了，身体好像柴枝的颜色，所以我为这个家庭担心。

Then I saw a very young woman sitting across from him. I could tell that her mind was a little slow. Clearly if something happened to this man, this family would be in trouble. So I thought that I should ask our staff to follow up with and pay close attention to this family. The patient's belly was already very hard and his complexion was abnormally brown. So I was very worried for this family.

还有一位比较年轻，看起来四十多岁而已，看起来身体壮壮的，为什么会有病？为什么会住在心莲病房呢？可想而知，应该同样也是病情沉重。

There was also a young patient in his early 40s. He looked physically fit, so how did he get sick? Why was he in the palliative ward? It was clear that he must have a serious condition.

这在里和他们说话的时候，就听到对面另外一床病床的人，在那里哀叫。我想到底是什么样的人？把布帘掀开来看，有我们的志工在那里，一直拍他，安抚着他说：「他没有跑太远，马上就进来。」我想：「是什么人呢？」护士就说：「这位阿嬷很有意思，只要阿公稍微离开她身边一下，她马上就开始唉，害怕阿公不再回来她的身边。」这就一位很黏人的阿嬷，都已经年纪这么大了，怎么感情还黏得那么紧？知道她可能是一位很会撒娇，很黏人的阿嬷。

While I was talking with him, I heard someone from across the room wail in pain. I went over to see what was wrong. When I moved the curtains aside, I saw a Tzu Chi voluntter stroking and comforting a patient by saying, “He didn't go too far. He will return.” I wondered, “Who is she talking about?” The nurse said, “This grandma is quite interesting. She gets very upset when her husband leaves her sight. She is afraid he will not come back.” She was a very clingy woman. She was quite old, so why did she still cling so tightly to her husband? I could tell that she was probably a very affectionate and dependent woman.

看到她这样感触很深，病痛就已经很苦了，但是心中的情，还是占有的欲念还是很深。阿公一定要常常在她的身边，牵着她的手。看，这种人生如此缠绵，你看，最后的一天不知道要怎么走？实在无法体会。身体有病痛来磨的时候，到底要用什么心境来面对这个身体？总是有一天一定会离开。

Her image left a deep impression on me. Although she was in much pain due to her illness, her affection and desire to possess were still very strong. The old man had to sit by her side and constantly hold her hand. With such strong attachments , I do not know. How she will deal with their final parting. It is really unfathomable.

还有另外一位少妇，哭得很大声，他们跟她说：「师父来看你了。」她还是哭得很大声，脸都蒙住了。问她怎么了？她说：「很感动。」那为什么哭得那么大声？无法回答。就有人跟我说：「很害怕、很害怕。」我内心就在想：「人生到了现在难免会怕。」看起来她是一位很爱美的人，就是在病中，也看到她化了妆。看起来是很爱美的人，看落得到了现在年纪轻轻就住在心莲病房。

There was another patient, a young, woman, who was sobbing very loudly. Her family told her, “Master Cheng Yen i here to see you.” As she cried loudly, she covered her face. I asked her, “What is the matter?” She said, “I am very moved.” “Why are you crying so hard?” She could not reply. Someone beside her told me, “She is terrified.” I thought, “That is inevitable.” I could tell that she was a woman cared a lot about her looks. Even though she was ill, she still put on makeup. So she cared a lot about being beautiful. Though she was young, she was already in the Heart Lotus Palliative Ward.

我听到院长跟我说：「她的癌细胞，已经跑到骨头里面去了。癌细胞侵蚀到骨头里面去，全身都摊痪了。这么年轻的生命，她哪里能接受呢？看到每一床、每一床，都让人看了心痛。

Our hospital superintendent told me that her cancer cells had already spread into bones and were probably eating away at them. She was completely paralyzed. She was still so young, how could she possibly accept this? The patients in each of the hospital beds broke my heart.

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凡夫烦恼不断覆心
若能用慧观的力量
把心安住于四念处
将可调伏世间贪忧

Afflictions continually cover ordinary minds if we use the power of wisdom in our contemplation and settle our minds in the Fourfold Mindfulness, we can tame all worldly greed and worries.

如果每一个人的身体，能人人观想「不净观」，就不会执着，能够轻安自在。看看在我要进入心莲病房之前，在外面遇到的那位先生，我想那位先生应该也是癌症的患者。虽然他很瘦，但是你看他的脸，很轻安自在的感觉。

Let us all contemplate how the body is impure. I believe that the man I saw before I entered the palliative care ward was probably also a cancer patient. Though his body was emaciated, he looked peaceful and at ease.

所以人生还是一样，总有一天，在我们身边最爱的人，是我们很亲的人，周围的总有一天，不是他先离开我们，就是我们有一天要离开他，这种生死是这么自然的法则。但是，我们就是看不开自然的法则。

We need to have the same attitude in life. One day, we will inevitably part with our loved ones. Either they will leave us first or we will leave them. Life and death are natural laws. But we are unable to accept this Law of Nature.

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四念处：
观身不净
观受是苦
观心无常
观法无我

The Fourfold Mindfulness includes: contemplating the body as impure, contemplating feelings as suffering, contemplating that there is no self.

所以我们「观身不净、观受是苦、观心无常、观法无我。」

So we contemplate the body as impure, contemplate feelings as suffering, contemplate the mind as impermanent, and contemplate that there is no self.

世间到底有什么东西，是永住的呢？没有。所以说起来，我们要好好利用这个身体，利用这四种观法，这就是智慧为体。

Will anything in this world exist forever? No. So we must truly make good use of this body and focus on these four methods of contemplation. This is wisdom.

我们要知道，如果我们可以「观身不净、观受是苦、观心无常、观法无我。」在这四项下功夫，这就是智慧。智慧为体，以此智慧的力量，我们才能把我们的心安住在道法上。

We should strive to contemplate that the body is impure, that feelings lead to suffering, that the minds is impermanent and that there is no self.When we put effort in these four practices, we will develop wisdom. When wisdom is the body of our practice, with the power of this wisdom, we can focus our minds on the Dharma and the path.

因为卅七道品，这卅七项是要帮助我们在这条菩提的大道上行走，所以我们卅七道的第一项，四念处，我们要照顾好。这就是在启发我们的智慧，在我们的身、心感受，和天地万物的境界，教导我们要如何下功夫。所以这四种观法，就是智慧为体，要以智慧为主。

The 37 Practices for Enlightenment are 37 methods that help us walk this broad path to enlightenment. We must pay attention to the first subgroup, the Fourfold MIndfulness. This awakens our wisdom by training our minds to deal with our feelings and sensations of all phenomena in the world, as perceived by our body and mind. These four types of contemplation are based in wisdom. We should focus on wisdom.

人人都有与佛同等的智慧，只要我们人人启发出来，就能以智慧为我们的本体。所以我们若能以智慧，来观察这四项，这样我们的心才能安住下来在这一条的康庄大道上。

We all have wisdom equal to the Buddha's, we just need to awaken and bring it forth.

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四正勤：
已生恶令速断
未生恶令不生
未生善令速生
已生善令增长

The Four Right Efforts:

Eliminate any evil that has already arisen. Prevent evil from arising. Encourage good to quickly arise. Nurture any good that has already arisen. Single-mindedly, diligently, and vigorously practice these four methods for enlightenment.

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一心精进勤奋
修此四道法
名之为四正勤

接下来就是四正勤。

Next are the Four Right Efforts.

各位都知道四正勤，我们必须知「勤」，勤就是「精进」。

They are called the Four Right Efforts. We are all familiar with the Four Right Efforts. We need to make an effort and be diligent.

但是修行有两项「事」要选择，就是「善」与「恶」。有句话说：「诸恶莫做，众善奉行。」所以在这二项，我们要好好下功夫，所我们要用四正勤。 「正」就是没有偏邪，我们要好好选择。

In spiritual practice, we must be able to choose between good and evil. It is said, “Refrain from all evil” and “do all that is good.” We must work hard on these two practices. To do so, we need to apply the Four Right Efforts. Right means not deviant or evil. We must choose carefully.

第一就是「已生恶令断」。因为诸恶莫做，我们如果有一点恶念起，我们要即时断掉，已生恶令断。

First, “Remove any evil that has already arisen.” Since we should refrain from all evils, if a hint of evil arises in our minds, we must immediately extinguish it. Thus we remove any evil that has already arisen.

「未生恶不生」。把心照顾好，我们的心如果有一点恶念生起，我们要即时断掉。万一外面的境界来诱惑我们，如果我们的恶心生起来，我们要赶紧提高警觉，把他断掉，不要让他生起来。所以已生恶令断，赶紧断；未生恶令不生，所以叫做「诸恶莫做」。不要以为只有一点点，没有什么。要知道一点点、一点点，滴久了就成了一缸。

Next,”Prevent evil from arising.” Let us take good care of our minds. If a hint of evil arises in our minds, we must immediately extinguish it. If we are tempted by external conditions and an evil thought begins to arise, we must quickly become aware of. Then immediately eliminate it to prevent it from arising. So remove any evil that has already arisen and prevent evil from arising. This is called “Refraining from all evil.” Do not think that an insignificant evil deed will not matter. Every little bit adds up, like how small drips of water accumulate to fill a tub.

尤其是因果不昧，开口动舌、举手投足，我们若是一个脚步走错了，那就步步错了。我们若是做错了一些，就很容易会将错就错，就不断地一直错下去。所以我们的心念要顾好，那怕是只有一点点，也不要让它起心动念，何况去做？所以很多都是由心生。

Do not ignore the Law of Cause & Effect. We must really take good care of our minds. We must not allow even the slightest bad thought to arise, let alone act on it. Indeed, many wrongs originate from the mind.

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诸恶莫做
就是恶念生起时
无论大小赶紧断灭
若未生恶则令不生
时刻将心念持于正道中

Refrain from all evil. As an evil thought arises, whether it is major or minor, quickly eliminate it. If we can prevent evil from arising, we can constantly keep our minds on the Right Path.

第二，就是要「众善奉行」，不要以为善只是一点点而已，对我有什么好处？对人有什么利益？只是一点点善而已。其实，善也是要从一点点开始，我们要把握当下，无论认为是大善或是小善，在当下我们就要做了，所以不要去分别善的大小，我们要常常保持在我们的心中，常常都要有那分爱。所以我们要「已生善令增长」，只要我们心中已经有了那一分善，我们就要让他一直增长，不要分别什么样的善我才做，什么样的善我不做。

Second, we must “do all that is good” Do not think, “It is an insignificant good deed. Will I e​​ven get anything out of it?” “Will it benefit anyone in any way?” “It is so insignificant.” Actually, we can start by doing small good deeds. We must seize the present and do what is benevolent, whether it is a large or small action. We must not judge the size of the deed. We must always take care to always maintain a kind, loving heart. So “Nurture any good that has already arisen.” If we already have a good thought, we must nurture it and let it flourish. Do not discriminate and choose to do only certain kinds of good deeds.

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众善奉行
就是培养爱心
让善心念念相续
念念在法、念念在道

Do all that is good. Nurture the love in your mind. Have good thoughts continuously, in accord with the Dharma and the path.

其实，我们应该要把握当下，现在需要我做什么，我就去做什么，我们应该要常常提起这分爱心，凡是都不要挑「是什么种类的善？」那怕是开口动舌。所以已生善要不断不断地让他增长起来，不要善念间断。

We really need to seize the present to do whatever is needed. We should always have this loving heart and not be picky about the type of good deed we want to do, even if it is just saying something. So we must continually nurture any good that has already arisen so that it grows. Maintain kind thoughts unceasingly.

那如果是「未生善」就「令速生」要赶快，这念善我们过去不曾有过，现在已经看到了、听到了、遇到了，有机会了，我们要赶紧把握，能启发这分善心。

We must also “Encourage good to quickly arise.” If we never had a kind thought, once we see, hear or encounter one, we must quickly hold on to it.

除自己有这念善心、这个善念以外，我们还要赶紧把这念爱心、善念再普及其他人，让大家能够同齐一起来做。如果我们能够这样，善事就能不断不断，大家的力量凝聚起来，这个社会就祥和了。要不然，人人为恶，这个人间的五浊三灾就不断增长。

Aside from awakening the kindness and goodness in our minds, we must quickly share them with others so they have the opportunity to join us. If we can do this, we can pool everyone's strength to continually do good deeds. Then the society will become peaceful . Otherwise, if everyone continues with evil deeds, the Five Turbidities and Three Calamities in this world will grow in severity.

各位，希望人人天天都要用心，从我们的身心下功夫，对外面的境界，我们要提高警觉；对需要我们帮助的，我们要把握当下。所以说「众善奉行，诸恶莫做」这就是佛陀的教育。

Fellow practitioners, I hope we will all be mindful every day and train our bodies and minds. We must be more aware of our surroundings and promptly help those who need our help. Therefore, do all that is good, refrain from all that is evil . This is what the Buddha taught.

所以前面的四心（四无量心：大慈无悔、大悲无怨、大喜无忧、大舍无求）六法（六度：布施、持戒、忍辱、精进、禅定、智慧），我们不能忘记。后面的卅七种来辅助我们要如何行菩萨道的方法，我们也要多用心啊！

We must not forget the aforementioned Four Immeasurables and Six Perfections as we apply the 37 methods which will help us on this path. And we must also always be mindful.

出处：http://moya.iyard.org/bin/view/Blog/BlogEntry2289