静思晨语 - 2011年5月17日 - 49 - 心无所住行正行

Eliminate Attachments; Engage in Right Action

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我们这几天不断在说：「人不必烦恼太多，不必计较太多。」你看，若是烦恼太多，计较太多，一样是招来无常的人生，苦患不断的一辈子。所以我们学佛就是要学习，无论是什么样的日子，无论面对什么样的环境，我们都不要烦恼。

Over these last few days, I have said that we should not worry or take issue over too many things. Having worries or issues will still bring us endless suffering in this impermanent life. We learn Buddhism so that in our daily living, no matter what ciriumstances we face, we can remain free of afflictions.

所以我们要有「六波罗蜜」，要借法来度我们的心。我们还要有「四无量心」，加强我们的心念。 「大慈无量、大悲无量、大喜无量、大舍无量」。

To do so, we must practice the Six Paramitas and use Dharma to transform our minds. We must also practice the Four Immeasurables to strengthen our minds with Infinite Loving-kindness, Infinite Compassion, Infinite joy and Infinite Equanimity.

这几天我们一直在说这些话，我们必定要入这四无量心，加强「大慈无悔」：我们这辈子选择这条人间的菩萨道，造就天下人群的幸福，我们再辛苦都没有后悔，也就是「大慈无悔」。

Over these last few days we have talked about immersing ourselves in these Four Infinite Minds and strengthening our practice of Great Kindness. In this life, we choose this Bodhisattva-path to bring happiness to all beings. No matter how tiring it is, we have no regrets. Great Loving-kindness is without regrets.

「大悲无怨」：​​苦难的芸芸众生，我们要去救，必定要出生入死，非常危险，我们也没有埋怨。

Great Compassion is without complaints. We must save all suffering sentient beings. No matter how difficult or dangerous it is we still have no complaints.

我们还要「大喜无忧」，很多的事情，只要我们的方向对了，我们就去付出。众生的快乐也就是我们的快乐，无论过去如何付出，众生离开苦难，就是我们离开苦难，所以没有埋怨。这种乐观的人生，我们必定要建立起来。

We must also practice Great Joy without worries. As long as we are moving in the right direction, in the process of giving, others' happiness will become our happiness. No matter what we went through to give, if others can transcend their suffering, we will also be free of all hardships. So we have no complaints. We must establish an optimistic view of life.

否则我们就会一直停留在「我帮助你，我救你，我今天所得的又是什么？」若是常常都这样想，就会很郁闷。所以精进，就是「前脚走，后脚放」，为人群付出之后，不当一回事。 「做就对了」，我们的心常常都是清除很干净，没有烦恼。

Otherwise, we will be hung up on these thoughts, "I helped you, I saved you" "But what did I gain?" This will make us depressed, so we must be diligent. We must lift up our back foot as we move forward. After we give to help others, we don't make a big deal out of it. We just do what is right. Thus we constantly clean our minds so there are no afflictions.

烦恼不是只有「忧愁」才是烦恼，就连「得意、欢喜」这种也叫做烦恼。所以「苦受」、「乐受」都是烦恼。

Affliction does not only refer to worries; pride and happiness can also be afflictions. So both pain and pleasure are afflictions.

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心无所求
不取于相虽有所行
而心无所住如是之行
即为正行

Let the mind seek nothing and let it not get attached to appearances. Although there is action, the mind does not abide in it. This kind of action is Right Action.

所以我们必定要时时保护好，付出之后，心无一物，轻安自在，这就叫做欢喜；我们要时时保持心灵的轻安自在。

We must always take care of our minds. After giving, empty the mind; be peaceful and at ease. This is joy.

若是要能够轻安自在，我们就是要舍。舍去前一分钟的烦恼，无论是欢喜或是担忧，就是舍，这就是我们学佛要如何能在菩萨道中精进，而且又能够无悔、无怨、无忧、无求。这种舍，到了最后的境界，就是心无一物。反正就是要保持心灵的轻轻净净。

To always be peaceful and at ease, we need to let go. We need to give up the afflictions of a moment ago whether they are painful or pleasurable. This is how we can progress diligently on the Bodhisattva-path and have no regrets, no complaints; no worries; no expectations. We keep giving like this until our minds are entirely free of attachments. We want our minds to be pure and clean.

所以「慈悲喜舍」和「六波罗蜜」，这就是我们的「正行」，学佛者一定要去实行。

So the Four Immeasurables and Six Paramitas are the Right Actions that all Buddhists must follow.

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三十七种成就菩提心之法
四念处、四正勤
四如意足
五根、五力
七菩提分、八圣道分

37 Practices to Enlightenment: Fourfold Mindfulness, Four Right Efforts, Four Bases of Spiritual Power, Five Spiritual Roots, Five Powers, Seven Factors of Bodhi, and the Eightfold Noble Path. The Fourfold Mindfulness leads us to eliminate delusions: contemplating the body as impure , contemplating feeling as suffering, contemplating the mind as impermanent, and contemplating that there is no self.

接下来还要有「卅七助菩提法」，前面是我们的正行，后面还要有帮助。

In addition, there are the 37 Practices to Enlightenment. We have described Right Action, but we still need support.

我们的心既然已经发了菩提心，就一定要坚定向前行。但是人间这条路，实在是很坎坷，因为我们大家都还是在凡夫地，在凡夫地要行菩萨道，这个过程真的是很坎坷。我们若没有不断坚定我们的道心；我们如果不能道心坚定，在我们身边有很多的陷阱，就会很容易踏入这些陷阱当中。所以我们必定还要有卅七种来帮助我们成就菩提的方法。

Since we have developed Bodhicitta, we must firmly go forward on this path. However, this path is truly difficult. Since we are in the state of ordinary people, the process of walking the Bodhisattva-path will be filled with hardship. If we cannot continuously be firm in and strengthen our resolve to practice, we will easily fall into the traps around us. So we need the 37 methods that will help us attain enlightenment.

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「四念处」
引导人集中心念
息灭妄想的四种方法
即观身不净、观受是苦
观心无常、观法无我

「观身不净」！各位，身实在是众恶之源，那一项业不是这个身体去做的呢？前面说过了，我们这个「身体」和「意」合起来，能够去造十恶。

"Contemplate the body as impure." Everyone, the body is the source of all wrongdoings. Which Karma is not created by the body? As we talked about earlier, there are 10 Evils this body can commit.

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十恶
身业：杀、盗、淫
口业：恶口、妄语
　　　绮语、两舌
意业：贪、瞋、痴

因为「口四」、「身三」、「意三」，合起来有十种。因为身体，是众恶聚集的源头。

4 of speech, 3 of body, and 3 of mind. There are 10 in total. So this body is the source of all evils.

但是，如果我们这个身体若能够好好利用，身体就是载道器。我们若是想要修行，不能够离开这个身体，我们要把握时间、把握因缘，把握机会。能做的事情也是口说好话。

However, if we make good use of the body, it becomes a vessel for spiritual practice. We need this body to practice. We must treasure every moment, circumstance and opportunity.

很多苦难的人，我们就要身体力行去帮助。近的地方，我们要伸手去扶、去帮助他们；远的地方，我们要同心，脚要走出去，无论多远的地方，我们也能跨国救灾。这都是要靠身体，所以身体也可以做很多好事情。所以，跨国救灾，这种「布施」也都是要靠身体走出去做。各位，我们的身体，无论是为善、为恶，都是这个身体。

We can physically help many who are suffering. When they are nearby, we can reach out to support and help them. When they are far away, if we are of one mind, we can take steps to travel there. No matter how far away they are, we can cross borders to provide relief. This requires a body. So the body can also perform good deeds. In our international relief, we practice generosity with our body. Whether we choose to do good or evil, we use the body .

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生命的长度无法掌握
生命的宽度却可拓展
好好运用此身
做该做的事
发挥生命价值
方可行于宽广的菩提道上

We cannot control the length of life but we can choose to broaden it. We utilize the body to do what we should do and make full use of our lives. Thus we walk the broad and wide Bodhisattva-path.

这个身体，我们要好好利用，但是不要执着，「人生没有所有权」。因为日月如梭，春夏秋冬交替；我们的身体，从幼年到少年、少年到青年、青年到壮年，一直到老年，这个身体的生理状况，无法停留在那一个时刻是我们最欢喜的时候，不可能。

We must make good use of it but not be attached to it. No one has ownership over the physical body. Time passes quickly and as the seasons change, our bodies will age. From childhood to youth middle age and old age, this body cannot be biologically halted at our favorite moment. This is impossible.

但是除了自然的生死之外，到底我们一辈子所拥有这个身体的寿命能有多长？不一定！没有人知道，长度没有人知道。但是我们可以有深度、宽度、厚度，这就要看我们怎么做，能做得让人生如此丰富，路如此宽、如此深，这都要看我们如何利用我们这个人生。

From the day we are born to the day we die, how long will our life with this body last? It is uncertain. No one knows. No one knows the length of life. Nevertheless, we can deepen and broaden our lives. This depends on what we do to enrich our lives, or to broaden the way we travel this path. All this depends on how we make use of our lives.

路要走得宽，最宽的道路就是菩萨道。我们坚心一志、一心一志地向前前进，这就是要借这个身体，才能行这个菩萨道。

Our path must be a wide one and the Bodhisattva-path is the widest path of all. We must be firm in our mission and resolve to move forward single-mindedly. We need this body to walk on the Bodhisattva-path.

不过，这个身体就是不净、不清净。有时候我们放眼天下，贫穷的国家，你看贫穷苦难、缺水、恶劣的生活，每一个人的身体，无论是健康或是生病的，都是全身很肮脏。但是我们在这么好，有福的环境中，我们能每天沐浴，能够每天保持清净，都是因为我们很健康。但若是我们生病的时候，病痛折磨，我们的委员都会轮流走入病房，医疗志工他们所看到的感受应该会很深刻。

However, this body is impure and unclean. When we look around the world, we see very poor countries where the poor lack water and suffer hardships. Every person's body, whether healthy or sick is very filthy. Meanwhile, we live in such a good and blessed environment and can take a shower every day. ​​We are clean because we are in good health. But when we are sick the illness will torment us. Our Commissioners take volunteer shifts at the hospital. The sights they see must affect them deeply.

我们进入病房的时候，只用闻的就可以知道这个病房中的病人的身体状况。可见得我们要知道，人生最臭的，莫过于身体，最污秽的也莫过于身体，所以身体真的是一个不净物。

When we enter a patient's room, we can figure out a patient's condition just by smell. Cleary we must recognize that the worst-smelling thing is the body. The filthiest thing is the body. That is why the body is truly an impure object.

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学佛要透彻生命真谛
了悟身是不净物
应以身载道而不障道
为善为恶存乎一心

To learn Buddhism is to thoroughly penetrate the Truths of life. Realize the body is an impure object. Use it as a vessel for practice, not as an obstacle to practice. Doing good or evil depends on a single thought.

人生都是在这个不净物上计较，在这个不净物上去装饰，在这个不净物上追求享受，真的是很可怜。劳劳碌碌一辈子，只是为了这一个身体。

In life, all we do is bicker on behalf of this impure object, find ways to decorate this impure object, and seek enjoyment for this impure object. This is a pity. Our entire lives, we work so hard for this body.

既然我们现在已经学佛了，我们就要看透彻生命的真谛。有了这个身体，我们应该要借着这个身体去会真理，不要再用这个身体去造业；我们如果再这样，永远都是轮回六道。所以大家要提高警觉，时时要「观身不净」。

As we practice Buddhism, we see the Truths of life. Since we have this life and this body, we should use it to understand Truth and no longer use it to create Karma. Otherwise, we will forever be trapped in the cyclic existence of the Six Realms. Therefore, we must heighten our vigilance and constantly "contemplate the body as impure".

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烦恼多由感受而生
苦受乐受都是苦
若能观受是苦
转以知足、感恩、善解、包容
四法对治就能转苦为乐

Afflictions arise mainly from feelings. Pain and joy can both bring suffering. If we can contemplate all feelings as leading to suffering, and use contentment, gratitude, understanding and accommodation as antidotes, we can transform suffering into joy.

「观受是苦」！真的，感受真的是苦的。病人的感受不必再去说了，除了身体病痛，痛入骨髓的那种痛苦，或者是有意识、有神识，但是整个神经系统都已经破坏掉了，那种知道却表达不出来，喜怒哀乐无法表达出来…你想，多苦啊！

"Contemplate feeling as suffering" Truly, feeling lead to suffering. This is particularly true for patients. Some suffer from extreme physical pain. Some are still conscious but due to the damage to their nervous system, they are unable to move their body. They are fully aware, but cannot communicate and cannot express joy, anger, sadness or happiness. Think about how painful that is!

何况我们健康的人，面对着人、事、物，那一项是畅我们的心、如我们的意呢？实在是很难。所以人生有很多的感受，苦得很郁闷，欢喜的得意忘形…很多的烦恼、业，都是从这种感受才会去指挥我们的言语动作。

Even for healthy individuals, in interacting with people and dealing with things, what goes according to their wishes? This is very difficult. We experience many feelings throughout our lives. When we are in pain, we get depressed. When we are happy, we get lost in our happiness. Afflictions, Karma are often created when these feelings dictate our speech and actions.

所以这个受，我们学佛者若能够了解，自然要开启心胸，去「包容、善解、知足、感恩」。修行者应该要时时提高警觉，这个感受。

As we learn Buddha's way, if we can understand these feelings, naturally we can open our minds to be accommodating understanding, content & grateful. Practitioners should always be vigilant of their feelings.

师父常常对大家说，要用这四项－－慈济人常常说得「四神汤」。对啊！就是要「善解、包容、感恩、知足」，我们若能常常记得这四样，我们在人间所看到的人事万物，还有什么不能解开的呢？

I often tell you to remember these four things, Tzu Chi's "Four Spiritual Ingredients Soup". They are: understanding, accommodation gratitude and contentment. If we can always remember these four ingredients in interacting with people and dealing with things, what problems in the world can't be resolved?

所以学佛，我们在日常生活中，在这个感受中，我们要能够运用我们学的佛法。

As Buddhist practitioners, we must apply Dharma in our daily living to deal with our feelings and sensations.

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人心念头迁变无常
不应变动的外相起烦恼
了悟观心无常
就能立下深弘誓愿
为众生甘愿付出

Our thoughts are ever-changing and impermanent. Do not be afflicted by changing circumstances. Contemplate and realize the mind is impermanent to establish a deep and great vow to willingly give for the benefit of sentient beings.

再来，「心」是无常，看，哪一样是我们永远欢喜的呢！欢喜过后是否能够永远常驻呢？难啊！最让我们欢喜的人也是最痛苦的冤家！人都是大家互相对待的时候才会有「仇」和「恨」。

Next, contemplate the mind as impermanent. Is there anything that we will like forever? After the initial excitement, does the happiness abide forever? That is rare! Sometimes those we like best become our worst enemies. It is through our interactions that we form enmity and hatred.

各位，我们不要常常在我们的心中有个错误的观念，以为「我喜欢有什么不可以！」这就不对了。凡夫为所欲为，什么都要做，这是错误的。不要畅一时心的愉快，去做遗憾终生的事情。不能这样。

Fellow practitioners, we should not think that we can do anything as long as it pleases us. That is wrong. Ordinary people do as they desire. That is wrong. Do not engage in something you may regret forever for a moment of pleasure.

所以我们应该要甘愿做。我们发愿、发心立愿，要能够无悔、无怨，为众生付出我们甘愿，不能让我们的心充满「我欢喜、我爱」的念头，所以不顾一切去做，那就不对了。所以我们的心是很可怕的。

We should do good deeds willingly. When we resolve to do good and make vows, we will have no regrets or complaints as we willingly give to benefit sentient beings. We must not indulge our whims and do whatever we like, no matter what. That is wrong. Our minds can be very frightening.

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世间物质
缘聚而生、缘散则灭
若能透彻万法无「我」
就能将心念安住道法中

Material objects arise when conditions converge and cease when conditions dissipate. If we can see through the illusory nature of self, our thoughts can abide on the Dharma-path.

「观法无我」，天下间到底有什么是我？是在昨天的是我？或是今天的是我呢？其实分秒不断地过去，真的是无常，那一个时刻有我存在呢？没有啊！何况，一生一世，是长是短不知道，到底我这个人能活多久的时间？到底我的感觉可以感受多久的时间呢？所感受到的，是不是能够停留在我喜欢的那个状态中呢？这都很难。所以我们「观法无我」！

Finally, "contemplate that there is no self" What is the self? Is it the self from yesterday or today? The seconds and minutes continuously pass. Everything is impermanent. When does the self exist? It does not exist. Moreover, we have no idea if our lives will be long or short, how long we can live, how long we have to feel these sensations. Can we hold on to pleasant sensations? That is very difficult. Thus we contemplate that there is no self.

所以我们学佛要知道，正行是「六度」、「四无量心」，所以我们应该要好好身体力行。在日常生活中，卅七助道品，大家如果有心，再去拿来稍微回顾一下。

As Buddhists, we must know that the Six Paramitas and Four Immeasurables are Right Actions. So we must truly put them into action. We can use the 37 Practices to Enlightenment in our daily living so if you want to you can review them.

「四念处」是要分秒不离开我们的身体。 「观身不净」，所以分秒都不离开我们的身体，所以才要多注意我们的身体——「身乃不净物」，所以不要为了身体的感受太执着。

The Fourfold Mindfulness is about mindfulness of our bodies. When we contemplate that the body is impure, our focus is always on our bodies. Since the body is impure, we must not be too attached to its feelings.

所以我们要时时多用心。

So everyone, please always be mindful.

出处：http://moya.iyard.org/bin/view/Blog/BlogEntry2287